blog2aree234新聞: The Truth of Inspiration　Start With Why　鼓動行為的黃金圈

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2020/04/14 第457期訂閱/退訂∣看歷史報份∣直接訂閱

本期文章
•	The Truth of Inspiration　Start With Why　鼓動行為的黃金圈
•	Words for Reference
•	Words in Use
•	Practical Phrases
•	More to Learn
•	中文翻譯&標準答案
優惠活動訊息：見訊息

The Truth of Inspiration　Start With Why　鼓動行為的黃金圈

by Lauren McCarthy

▲圖片轉引自：https://simonsinek.com/product/start-with-why/

←iOS用戶點擊左方圖示，即可收聽講解音檔

　　If you aspire to be a leader, then Simon Sinek has some suggestions you may want to take on board. Sinek has made a career of breaking down how to become a person who inspires others, which is the topic of his speech “How Great Leaders Inspire Action.”
　　According to Sinek, there is one specific thing leaders have in common, a concept he explains by way of his golden circle. This circle is made up of three concentric rings◆. In the outermost◆ ring is “What.” In the middle, “How.” And in the center circle is the word “Why.” Sinek points out that by “why” he doesn’t mean a monetary agenda, but a deeper purpose. Most people and companies think from the outside of the circle and work their way inward, though they may not be able to explain why they are pursuing a certain goal. However, Sinek argues that leaders who inspire others, from the outset, begin thinking in the central ring and move outward. That is, they first determine why they do what they want to do.
　　As an example of this abstract concept, Sinek brings up the Wright brothers. Against all odds, broke and without college degrees, the two brothers were the first to achieve manned◆ mechanical flight. They succeeded because they believed in the future of flight. In contrast, Samuel Pierpont Langley received ample funding from the government and had graduates from Harvard working with him to build the first airplane. Yet, as Sinek states, Langley wanted to be first and become rich. His pursuit wasn’t rooted in any greater belief or cause. Thus, when he failed in the venture, he simply gave up.
　　As Sinek repeats throughout his talk, “People don’t buy what you do; they buy why you do it.”

圖片轉引自：https://is.gd/98V9W6

◆ a concentric ring / circle　　同心圓
　concentric a. 同（圓）心的
◆ outermost a. 最外面的
　innermost a. 最接近中心的；最深處的
◆ manned a. 載人的

1. inspiration n. 鼓舞；靈感
　inspire vt. 鼓舞，激勵
　inspire sb to V　　鼓舞／激勵某人（做）??
• The chief editor’s enthusiasm for her work has been an inspiration to us all.
總編輯對工作的熱情鼓舞了我們所有人。
• I couldn’t write anything because I was out of inspiration.
我寫不出任何東西，因為我沒有靈感。
• My father inspired me to follow my dreams and become an actor.
我爸鼓勵我追求當演員的夢想。

2. aspire vi. 渴望
　aspire to V　　渴望要……
• James aspires to become a professional interpreter.
詹姆斯渴望成為一位專業的翻譯。

3. concept n. 概念
• It is sad that people nowadays still buy into the concept that being thin is beautiful.
遺憾的是，如今仍有人相信「瘦即是美」的觀念。
＊buy into...　　相信／採納……（某觀點）

4. monetary a. 金錢（上）的
• People attach too much importance to monetary wealth.
人們太過重視金錢上的富足。

5. agenda n. 議題；議程（表）
• The citizens were paying serious attention to the agenda discussed in the Congress.
國民正認真關注國會所討論的議題。
• The next item on the agenda is annual performance review.
議程表上的下一個討論事項是年度表現檢討。

6. inward(s) adv. 向內地
　outward(s) adv. 向外地
• After her husband’s death, Meg began to turn inwards in her quest for spiritual peace.
丈夫過世後，梅格開始向內探索，尋求心靈的平靜。

7. abstract a. 抽象的
• There are many abstract paintings in this museum.
這間博物館裡收藏了許多抽象畫。

8. ample a. 充足的
• There is ample evidence that climate patterns are changing.
有充足的證據證明氣候型態正在改變。

9. pursuit n. 追求，追尋
　in pursuit of...　　追求／追趕……
• Time and health are precious, but many people sacrifice them in pursuit of wealth and power.
時間與健康很珍貴，但是很多人為了追求財富與權力而犧牲這兩樣東西。

10. venture n.（有風險的）事業
• This real estate venture is a profitable investment.
這項房地產買賣事業是一項有利可圖的投資。

1. take... on board　　採納／接受……（建議等）
• Sophie hoped that her boss could take her idea on board.
蘇菲希望老闆採納她的點子。

2. have... in common　　有……的共通點
• My girlfriend and I don’t have much in common, but we still get along really well.
我跟女友並沒有很多共通點，但我們仍相處融洽。

3. by way of...　　透過／經由……
= via prep.
• The team of explorers reached the cave by way of a long passage.
探險家團隊經由一條長長的通道抵達了那個洞穴。

4. from / at the outset　　從一開始
= from / at the beginning
outset n. 開始
• The machine was malfunctioning from the outset.
這臺機器從一開始就故障了。
＊malfunction vi. 故障

5. against all odds　　克服重重困難
• Against all odds, the once paralyzed man could walk again.
那名曾經癱瘓的男子克服了重重困難後又能走路了。

6. In contrast, S + V　　相較之下，……
= By contrast, S + V
• Nora is shy and conservative. In contrast, her sister Hannah is active and sociable.
諾拉害羞又保守。相較之下，她妹妹漢娜活潑又愛交際。

7. be rooted in...　　起源於／源自於……
• Ron’s fear of spiders is deeply rooted in his childhood.
榮恩對蜘蛛的恐懼深植於他的童年時期。

break down... / break... down　　
拆分／拆解……
• The teacher broke down the formula to make it easier for students to understand.
老師把這個公式拆解讓學生比較容易懂。
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以下介紹 break down 作及物片語動詞的其他意思和作不及物片語動詞的意思：
※ 作及物片語動詞：
a. break down 亦常與介詞 into 並用，形成下列用法：
　break down A into B　　將 A 分成 B
• You can easily understand this English sentence by breaking it down into two parts.
你把這個英文句子拆成兩個部分後就能輕易理解。
b. 表「分解……」。
• The acid in our stomachs helps break down the food we eat.
我們腹中的胃酸有助於分解我們吃下肚的食物。
c. 表「破壞／打破／砸破……」。
• The police had to break down the door in order to arrest the man.
警方為了逮捕那名男子必須破門而入。
d. 表「消除／驅除……」。
　break down the barrier　　消除隔閡，打破藩籬
• Attempts must be made to break down the barriers of fear and hostility, which divide the two communities.
我們必須設法打破由恐懼和敵意所造成並分化著這兩個社區的藩籬。
※ 作不及物片語動詞：
a. 表「（車輛）拋錨，（機器）故障」。
• Shelly’s car broke down on her way home.
雪莉的車子在回家途中拋錨。
• The elevator broke down, so we had to walk up to the 12th floor.
電梯壞了，所以我們必須用走的上去十二樓。
b. 表「（情緒）崩潰」。
• Eve was under a lot of pressure and almost broke down.
伊芙承受很大的壓力而幾乎崩潰。

Start With Why　鼓動行為的黃金圈
　　

　　如果你渴望成為一位領袖，那麼賽門．西奈克有些你可能會想要採納的建議。西奈克專門分析一個人如何成為激勵他人的人，這也是他的演講《偉大的領袖如何鼓動行為》的主題。
　　根據西奈克的說法，領袖有一個特定的共通點，這是他用黃金圈解釋的一個概念。這個圈圈是由三個同心圓組成。最外圈是「什麼」。中間是「如何」。中心的圓圈則是「為什麼」這個字。西奈克指出，他所謂的「為什麼」無關金錢議題，而是有更深層的用意。大部分的人和公司會從黃金圈的外層往內層思考，不過他們或許無法解釋自己為何要追尋一個特定目標。然而，西奈克主張，激勵他人的領袖從一開始就會先從中心的圓往外去思考。也就是說，他們會先確定為什麼要做自己想做的事。
　　作為這個抽象概念的例子，西奈克提到了萊特兄弟。在克服重重困難後，身無分文又沒有大學文憑的兩兄弟竟成為最先完成用機械裝置載人飛行這一壯舉的人。他們之所以成功是因為他們相信飛行的未來。相較之下，塞繆爾．皮爾龐特．蘭利（編按：一名美國的天文學家、物理學家、數學家及航空先驅，是測熱輻射計的發明者，也是史密森博物館館長）得到政府的充足資金並有哈佛大學的畢業生和他一同打造第一臺飛機。不過，就西奈克所述，蘭利想要成為首位成功打造飛機的人來致富。他的追求不是基於任何更偉大的信仰或理由。因此，當他在這個事業上失敗後，他就放棄了。
　　如同西奈克在他的演講中重複的話：「人們買單的不是你所做的；他們買單的是你為什麼要做。」

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