2016年6月30日 星期四

New York Seeks to Make Parks More Inviting Spaces/推倒高圍籬 紐約公園大解放


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2016/07/01 第129期 訂閱/退訂看歷史報份
 
 
紐時周報精選 New York Seeks to Make Parks More Inviting Spaces/推倒高圍籬 紐約公園大解放
An Atlantic Archipelago's Main Export:Music/大西洋迷你島國 外銷音樂拚經濟
紐時周報精選
 
New York Seeks to Make Parks More Inviting Spaces/推倒高圍籬 紐約公園大解放
Rick Rojas and Noah Remnick
田思怡譯

For years, chain-link fences a dozen feet high have been a fixture of some of New York's parks, a reflection of a time when the city was a more dangerous place, erected to protect the children playing inside.

But now, those fences have become barriers, city officials say, dividing a park from its neighbors, and so at some parks the high fences will be knocked down.

多年來,十幾英尺高的鐵網圍籬是一些紐約公園的固定裝置,反映出紐約市曾是個比較危險的地方,須豎圍籬來保護在公園裡遊玩的孩童。

但現在,市政府官員說,這些圍籬已成為障礙,把公園與附近的居民隔開,因此,將拆掉一些公園的高圍籬。

On Tuesday, the city announced that eight parks will undergo ambitious face-lifts that are about more than just rehabilitation — it is a plan that represents an evolution, officials said, in New York's approach to parks by making these public spaces blend better and be more welcoming to their neighborhoods.

Mitchell J. Silver, the city's parks commissioner, said that besides lowering or removing fences, the plan also involved installing new benches, greenery and distinctive walkways, as well as treating the sidewalks that border parks as part of the parks themselves.

市政府5月24日宣布,8座公園將進行極具企圖心的大翻修,不只是整修而已─官員說,這是一個代表紐約對待公園態度演進的計畫,要讓這些公共空間與附近地區更融為一體,更親民。

市政府公園管理處長米契爾.席佛說,除了把圍籬降低或拆除外,這項計畫還要設置新的長椅,加強綠化,闢建具特色的步道,並把公園旁邊的人行道當成公園的一部分。

While the high fences were once seen as a deterrent, Silver said that creating more sight lines along the edges of parks and breathing new life into deserted patches would make them safer.

As part of a citywide plan, $40 million will be spent on the eight parks. The parks were chosen in a nomination process that included commentary from neighborhood residents. Silver said about 690 of New York's more than 1,700 parks were recommended for an overhaul.

席佛說,雖然高圍籬曾被視為嚇阻力量,沿著公園邊緣創造更開闊的視線,並為廢棄的小區塊注入新生命,將使公園更安全。

這是一項全市計畫的一部分,將有4000萬美元用於8座公園。這些公園通過一項提名程序而中選,過程中納入附近居民的意見。席佛說,紐約市1700多座公園中約有690座上了應該整修的推薦名單。

"That's proof positive of how excited New Yorkers are to increase accessibility and openness in their favorite parks," he said in a statement.

A park's accessibility to neighborhoods was also a consideration. Overall, city officials have set a long-term goal of having 85 percent of New Yorkers living within walking distance of a park.

他在聲明中說:「這證明,紐約人對於讓他們最喜愛的公園更便於出入也更開放這件事,感到十分興奮。」

公園的近便性也納入考量。整體而言,市府官員已設定長期目標,要讓85%的紐約人住家附近有走路便可到達的公園。

In the Parkchester neighborhood in the Bronx, Hugh Grant Circle is not just uninviting, it is also largely off-limits, blocked by a gate that is often locked, said Nilka Martell, a community activist who pressed for the circle to be selected for the city program, called Parks Without Borders.

But as she sees it, the park has potential to be a neighborhood hub, used for art installations and community programs and as a complement to a farmer's market held nearby.

在布朗克斯區的帕克契斯特住宅區,葛蘭特公園(譯注:以紐約前市長Hugh Grant命名)不只不吸引人,而且大體而言不得進入,被一扇經常鎖著的門擋住,推動這座公園入選市政府「無邊界公園」計畫的社區活躍人士妮爾卡.馬泰爾這麼說。

不過,她認為這座公園有潛力成為附近居民的活動中心,供裝置藝術和社區活動計畫使用,並支援附近的一個農夫市集。

 
An Atlantic Archipelago's Main Export:Music/大西洋迷你島國 外銷音樂拚經濟
Saskia de Rothschild
李京倫譯

Some countries have oil, diamonds or cocoa beans. Cape Verde, a tiny archipelago about 385 miles off the west coast of Senegal, has music, and it is betting on that resource to help bolster its fragile economy.

This month, music promoters and producers from the United States, Europe and some African nations landed in Praia, the country's capital, for the Atlantic Music Expo, a four-day talent showcase that the government bills as a "music professionals meeting." They attended seminars, networked and hopped from one stage to another, joining crowds of giggling teenagers, dancing elders and excited children to watch aspiring local and international singers.

有些國家出產石油、鑽石或可可豆。塞內加爾西海岸外約385英里(620公里)的迷你群島國家「維德角」出產音樂,並在這個資源上押寶,靠它振興脆弱的經濟。

這個月,美國、歐洲和一些非洲國家的演唱會主辦人和製作人紛紛來到維德角首都培亞,參加「大西洋音樂博覽會」,這是高手一展長才的機會,為期四天,維德角政府標榜為「專業音樂人大會」。這些音樂人參加研討會,拓展人脈,並從一個舞台跳到另一個舞台,加入一群群咯咯笑的青少年、手舞足蹈的老年人和興奮的孩童,一起欣賞渴望成名的當地和各國歌手演出。

The Atlantic expo, which ran from April 11-14, was followed by the privately sponsored Kriol Jazz Festival, now in its eighth year, which promotes creole-inspired island music.

"It's essential to see people perform live before you book them, and there is nothing better than experiencing a music culture where it's actually from," said Paula Abreu, the director of programming for SummerStage, an annual New York City music festival. "You immediately know if an artist has what it takes to entertain a public of thousands."

4月11日到14日的大西洋博覽會結束後,接著就是民間贊助的「克里歐爵士音樂節」,開辦至今已八年,旨在推廣受克里歐文化影響的維德角音樂。

紐約市年度音樂節SummerStage節目總監寶拉.艾伯魯說:「在簽下藝人之前,先看他們現場表演很重要,而且,沒有什麼比在音樂文化發源處體驗音樂文化更好了,你馬上就能知道這個藝人有沒有取悅幾千人的能耐。」

Abreu booked the musicians Mayra Andrade, Dino D'Santiago and the Cesária Évora Orchestra for last year's SummerStage after seeing them at the Atlantic expo.

The model for many Cape Verdean artists is international star Cesária Évora, who put Cape Verde on the map of the music world with her renditions of mornas, the islands' ballads of love and longing.

艾伯魯就是先在大西洋博覽會上看到梅拉安德拉黛、迪諾聖地亞哥和西莎莉雅艾芙拉樂團,才安排他們在去年的SummerStage中演出。

國際知名歌手西莎莉雅艾芙拉是許多維德角藝人的典範,她演繹維德角情歌,把維德角帶上全球音樂舞台。

"Here, from the rural areas to the breezy beach towns, everyone sings and has a beautiful voice," said José Da Silva, who developed the Kriol festival and is the producer of the Atlantic Music Expo. "What matters is who works hard enough to be discovered."

Da Silva, a music producer who helped to relaunch the career of Évora in the 1980s, worked with the Cape Verde Ministry of Culture to create the Atlantic Music Expo, now in its fourth year. This year, the government spent about $227,000 to finance the expo, which also had corporate sponsors.

開發出克里歐音樂節、同時也是大西洋音樂博覽會製作人的達席爾瓦說:「在這裡,從偏鄉到微風吹拂的海灘城鎮,人人唱歌,也都有副好歌喉,夠努力的人才會被發掘。」

音樂製作人達席爾瓦曾在1980年代協助西莎莉雅艾芙拉復出,他跟維德角文化部合作創辦大西洋音樂博覽會,至今邁入第四年,今年維德角政府撥出22萬7000美元補助博覽會,另有企業贊助。

Together, the two events attract thousands of fans and music professionals each year and pump more than $1 million into the islands' economy each year, officials said.

官方說,這兩場活動每年吸引成千上萬粉絲和專業音樂人,每年為維德角經濟注入超過100萬美元。

 
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